encryption
Encryption converts data into unreadable formats, ensuring that only those with the appropriate decryption key can access it. This is essential for ensuring data (e.g., over the Internet) and storage (e.g., on a server) during the transfer process. Without a decryption key, the encrypted data is still inaccessible and can protect sensitive information.
Symmetric encryption:
- Encryption and decryption using the same key
- Large data transmission is faster and more efficient
- Need to securely share keys between trusted parties
- Used to ensure communication via VPN, encrypt files or protect databases
- Popular Algorithms: AES, DES, Triple DES (3DES) and Blowfish
Asymmetric encryption:
- Leverage two keys – public key (encrypted data) and one private key (decrypted data)
- Safer because it eliminates the need to share secret keys
- Ideal for smaller data exchanges and digital signatures, providing authentication with encryption
- Common algorithms include RSA, ECC, and Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA)
Block and stream password:
- Block Password (such as AES): Encrypt data in a fixed block, making it very secure for stored data or HTTPS communication.
- Streaming Password (e.g., RC4): Cut-encrypted data, suitable for real-time data (e.g., live video or secure messaging).
Hash
Hash is a one-way process that converts input data into a fixed-length string (hash). It is commonly used to verify data integrity, detect tampering and securely store passwords. Unlike encryption, hash cannot be reversed to reveal the original data.
- MD5: Fast but outdated due to weaknesses against collision attacks (different inputs that produce the same hash).
- SHA-1: Generates 160-bit hash; however, it is deprecated due to security vulnerabilities.
- SHA-256 (part of SHA-2): A safer and more widely used algorithm that is ideal for blockchain, SSL certificates and data storage.
- SHA-3: Provides enhanced security based on Keccak algorithm, providing a powerful choice for IoT and post-quantitative encryption systems.
- BCRYPT: Includes built-in salt and adaptation to computing advances, making it the preferred choice for password storage.
- Argon: Winner of the password hash competition, providing advanced customization and resistance to crack attempts.
How is hash different from checksum checks?
Hash and checksum learn certainly have some similarities. Checksum is used to logically include all the data bits to be transferred to ensure that the original data is not inadvertently corrupted. The checksum draws a short piece of data from the long form.
Checksums are not designed as one way. With some motivation, those with intentions can reverse the checksum check. On the other hand, the design of hash is computationally difficult to reverse. Hashhing is mainly designed to create unique digital metrics of data and is mainly used for password security. The checksum is designed to determine the integrity of the data during transmission to ensure that there are no transmission errors.
The problem with checksum is: the checksum uses XORON of 1 and 0, or calculates the number of 1s and 0s or similar techniques. The problem is that if you flip two bits from 0 to 1 and 1 to 0, the checksum remains the same. The point is that it is almost always possible to modify the data and keep the checksum the same. Moreover, there is a high possibility of checksum collision. So if you don’t want a collision, then even hashing has collisions, hashing is your best choice.
Pickled hash
The technique of adding random letters and numbers (called salt) to the password itself. This random string should be stored in a separate database and retrieved on the hash hash and added to the password. By pickling the hash, you can ensure that users with the same password have different hashes, which makes it difficult for hackers to break the hash with pre-computed tables (e.g., rainbow tables).
Can encrypted data be suspended?
Yes, encrypted data can be hashed. But why is it necessary? It is to check if encrypted data is corrupted or changed in any way. However, encrypted data is not common because encryption itself provides strong data protection.
Hope this works, thanks.
You might want to read: Mathematics of Shell, Cybersecurity Laws and Regulatory Authorities, and Monitoring and Injection Modes in WiFi Adapters
